Na Waiwai o ka Aluminum
Manaʻo pinepine ka poʻe he hao ka nui loa o ka metala i loko o ka ʻōpala o ka honua. e like me ka hao! Ua piha ka honua i nā pūhui aluminika, e like me ka lepo maʻamau, i loko o ka nui o ka alumini oxide, Al2O3. ʻO ka mea nui loa he bauxite. Hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ka hanana ʻana o ka bauxite i ka honua i ʻekolu mau ʻāpana: Cenozoic ʻO ka waiho ʻana o nā waihona laterite ma nā pōhaku silicic, aia ma kahi o 80% o ka nui o ka honua holoʻokoʻa; ʻO nā waihona karstic Paleozoic e kū ana ma luna o nā pōhaku carbonate ma kahi o 12% o ka nui o nā mālama honua; Paleozoic (a i ʻole Mesozoic) nā waihona Chihewen, aia ma luna o ka ʻāina, e pili ana i ka 2% o ka huina o ka honua.
Nā waiwai alumini
ʻO ka alumini he lālā kala a malleable o ka hui boron element kemikal.
Ua lilo ka alumini i mea hoʻohana nui ʻole ʻia ma muli o kona pale ʻana i ka corrosion ma muli o ka passivation, haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa, haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa a me kona ʻano e hana i nā ʻāpana me nā mea kemika like ʻole e like me ke keleawe, zinc, manganese, silicon a me ka magnesium. ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o nā waiwai.He kiʻekiʻe ka helu heheʻe o Al2O3 a ʻaʻole maʻalahi e hoʻemi ʻia, ʻo ia ka mea i ʻike ʻia ka alumini.
I ka makahiki 1954, ua lanakila ka ʻepekema Palani ʻo De Vere i ka hoʻohana ʻana i ke ʻano hoʻohaʻahaʻa sodium no ka loaʻa ʻana o ka alumini metala, akā ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ke alumini metala i hana ʻia e ke ʻano kemika ma mua o ke gula, a hoʻohana wale ʻia no ka hana ʻana i nā mahiole, nā papa ʻaina, nā mea pāʻani a me nā mea waiwai ʻē aʻe i hoʻohana ʻia e Napoleon's. ʻO ka ʻohana aliʻi. Me ka hana ʻana o ke kaʻina hoʻoheheʻe Hall-Heru a me ke kaʻina hana Bayer no ka hana ʻana i ka alumina, ua hoʻomaka ka alumini e hoʻohana nui ʻia i ka hopena o ke kenekulia 19. A hiki i kēia lā, ʻo kēia mau ʻano ʻelua ka mea nui (ʻoiaʻiʻo hoʻi ka mea wale nō) nā ala no ka hana ʻana i ka alumini a me ka alumina.
Kaʻina Hana Hana Aluminum
ʻO ka alumini ka mea waiwai nui i nā mea kūlohelohe, ʻo ka ʻoihana nui no ka bauxite ore, ka bauxite ma ke kaʻina bayer e like me ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻana i nā kaʻina alumina, alumina e ka electrolytic alumini hoʻoheheʻe ʻia e like me (kahi i ʻike ʻia he alumini), no laila ka ʻoihana alumini i ke kaulahao ʻoihana upstream. hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia i loko o ka mining bauxite, alumina hoʻomaʻemaʻe - ʻekolu mau loulou e like me ka hoʻoheheʻe alumini, ma ke ʻano nui, ʻEhā mau tone o ka bauxite hiki ke hana i ʻelua mau tona alumina, a laila hiki ke hana i hoʻokahi tona o ka alumini mua.
Ka manawa hoʻouna: Oct-15-2021